History rural fire insurance on the Don, analysis of insurance institutions Don Army (1870-1876), 
regional rural council (1876-1882), the Regional Management Committee for Zemstvo Affairs (1882-1919). 
The specificity of the insurance for the сossack population: collecting insurance payments stanichno and county boards, 
the choice of the сossacks rated insurance, etc. 
There was a preponderance of mutual insurance, analyzed the accumulation of insurance capital  

Keywords: insurance, organization of insurance, business, Zemstvo insurance, mutual insurance, insured event, insurance valuation, insurance discounts

This article is devoted to emergence and development of cinema on Don Region. Attention paid on the first picture theatres in Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog and Novocherkassk and their technical equipment (bioscope, biofonograf, teatrograf cosmography, vivantograf, fonohromoskopograf). In this research submitted the first main films and reaction of society and governance on them. As special aspects of cinema industry development viewed problems of professional cinema community and main tendencies of that sphere of cultural life 

Keywords: cinematograph,еlektrobiograf, technology, cinema, picture palace,full-length film, a silent movie, spirituality, development trends

There is an important task to improve timber complex. It is a search of efficient using wood. The research results of energy reserves capacity running on a regularized round timber production technological line for wood construction are given in the article. The research suggests that 40 – 45 percent wood resources using on regularized round timber production technological lines are waste. This capacity can use for manufacturing different energy products: firewood, chip fuel, fuel pellets, fuel briquette. The research made on the plant (limited liability company “Biogrant”) in Karelian Republic.

Keywords: Woodworking, cylindering, technological line, wood costraction, energy reserves, fuelwood, firewood, chip fuel, fuel pellets, briquette

The article considers the design of modern electrically driven gas-pumping unit (EGPA). The advantages of a smooth adjustment of speed and performance EGPA. Provides an analysis of options for building the power part of the high-voltage frequency converters, used in the composition of the EGPA at compressor stations of main pipelines. Refer to the element base of high-voltage frequency converters. The characteristics of each of variants. The method of work of the frequency converters. Compare the characteristics of frequency converters of various manufacturers. The basic approaches to manufacturing. Defined the most optimal scheme of the power part of  frequency converters.

Keywords: frequency converter, topology, design, optimization, structural scheme

Reviews the basic contents of diversification of thermal power plants, which will contribute to improve environmental and economic performance in the industry.

Keywords: diversification, enterprises of power industry, enrichment of coal, ash dumps, pollution, species blade, air pollution, ash, slag ash, secondary resources.

A timber industry complex is a complex of technological processes linked with timber harvesting, wood transport and woodworking. For their optimization are used mathematical and economic methods. The brief overview of the application of mathematical modeling methods for the analysis and optimization of technological processes in the forestry sector is given in the article. Queuing theory is used for analysis of forestry process. For example harvesting technology with the round logs production for wooden construction is considered as G/G/1 queuing system. Well-developed models of queuing theory are recommended for analyzing of forestry process. Simulation models are recommended for deep analysis of forestry process.

Keywords: Forestry process, woodworking, cylindering, queuing theory, timber industry manufacture, wood construction

Development of the field condensate pipeline diagnostics scenario in the absence of the main product being pumped because of shutting down production process. Different diagnostics scenarios modeled by author and the most efficient method choosing were considered in this article.

Keywords: Pipeline diagnostics, operation regime, scenario, nitrogen, diagnostic options

Possibility of using of a phosphate for receiving lime which can be used further as a sorbent of oxides of sulfur in coppers with technology of the circulating boiling layer, applied on coal thermal power plants is considered.

Keywords: enterprises of power industry, phosphogypsum, with CFB boilers - circulating boiling layer, pollution of the atmosphere, sulphur dioxide, secondary resources, sulfuric acid

The article is devoted to the analysis of the principles of energy security of the state and the study of the influence of energy on the level of national security. Considered threats to energy security and the basic directions of its implementation. Examples of world experience in ensuring the reliability of energy systems and power supply. The principles and approaches of maintaining the energy security of the state.

Keywords: electricity, security, reliability, power supply

The analysis of the operation of mining equipment in mines revealed  inadequate level of efficiency of its use. In this regard, actual solution of scientific and technical problems aimed at improving the operational efficiency of mining equipment through the development of complex technical and economic measures to manage the system of exploitation, while ensuring the planned performance and the lowest cost to operate the equipment. The main directions of optimization of the system of exploitation of mining equipment, which is to solve the problems of improving the reliability of equipment, the appointment of a rational strategy of maintenance and repair, logistics mining enterprise, the definition of cost-effective resource and long service life through a combination of theoretical and experimental studies.

Keywords: mining equipment, system operation, reliability, technical condition diagnostics, logistics, optimization

At the present time in most countries of the world are being actively developed and introduced intelligent technologies necessary for creation of reliable and effective intellectual energy systems. Intellectualization of distributive electrical grids will move energy system to a new level of automation. Evenly distributed electrical grid of hexagonal type was offered. The principle of creation a grids was described, a typical scheme of universal electrical load unit was proposed. The key advantages of the hexagonal network was reviewed. The estimation of the reduction of the level of losses during electricity transportation was made. The increase of the level of reliability, the factors affecting the probability of faultless work were determined. Evenly distributed grids of hexagonal type will build energy system based on Smart Grid and solve existing problems: lower quality of electricity, the shortcomings of the power reserves, high density of electrical loads and high energy losses. Project implementation should be carried out in stages: from pilot project to implementation in big cities.
Work is executed with financial support of Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation (state contract №14.516.11.0104 from 14.10.2013).  

Keywords: electricity, hexagonal grids, smart grids, distribution grids 10-20 kV, reliability of power supply

The results of research of raw materials of the logs production for timber construction are considered in the article. Length of logs (for 6 meters assortment), diameter of logs (model logs) and shape of butt (an average shape factor of butt) were studied. The model log is a volume of cylinder which is equal to a calculated volume of logs. The theoretical laws of the random variable for these values are found. The Research was conducted at LLC "Biogran" in Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia.

Keywords: Woodworking, cylindering, technological line, wood costraction, factors, length of a log, diameter of a log, butt

The results of a patent search in the field of shut-off valve constructions for nuclear power plants, thermal power plants and main piping are given.

Keywords: Nuclear power plants, shut-off valve, construction, main piping

Following ways to increase the competitiveness of energy biomass are defined. The research of biomass as a raw material for logging and utilization, state encouragement of its industrial utilization, analysis and biomass supplier and customer market grouping, making of effective equipment for its logging, transportation and utilization, feasibility study of equipment parameters and modes of operations, energy biomass performance improvement.

Keywords: alternative fuel,energy biomass, biofuel, logging, competition

The core of any economy is the production, creation of economic output. No production can not be use. That's enterprises produce products that perform work and services, ie provide the basis for consumption and increase national wealth. Matter how well the company what their financial condition, depends on the health of the economy and the industrial might of the state. If present schematically the entire system of economic governance in the country in the form of a pyramid, its base are businesses. State, regional, departmental management can be considered in relation to the processes occurring at the level of the enterprise, just as the add-on, secondary phenomena.

Keywords: innovation, industry, economic structure, market, sustainability, innovation development

The article represents the description of the construction of increment borer, its present modifications and additional devices. On the basis of the conducted survey the authors of the article defined the ways for improvement of the borer. Suggested technical solutions are at the stage of patenting  

Keywords: Increment borer, preparatory works of forest logging, tree age, forest inventory, core.

The possibility of combination of wood barking and branches cutting within through technologies of timber industries is shown. Comparison of several such processes is made with the use of functional-technological analysis and hypothesis of expediency of creation of the process technology and equipment for simultaneous group wood barking and branches cutting is formulated.  

Keywords: barking, branches cutting, through technologies, woodworking, timber industry

The article considers the questions of interrelation between preparatory and main works in forest harvesting. It also examines a method of monitoring of their effectiveness with the use of geographic information systems considering the evaluation of forest offence during these works. 

Keywords: organization of forest management, forest offence, geographic information system, preparatory works, forest logging

It is presented in article that the technique of determination of stochastic similarity of functioning of one of subsystems of the intensified hydrothermal treatment - moistening of details of top of footwear. According to the offered technique there were received to be expressions for determination of output parameter of process "moistening" - the module of elasticity of skin and relative deviations of characteristics the subsystems proving similarity functioning of considered subsystems in stochastic sense. According to the offered technique expressions for determination of output parameter of a subsystem of "moistening" - the module of elasticity of skin and relative deviations of independent parameters of process of the vacuum and sorption moistening, providing with the possibility of forecasting of the minimum duration of processing were received.

Keywords: stochastic similarity, means-equipment-technology-production system, the processing intensified hydrothermal treatment, the vacuum and sorption moistening, the determined similarity, tanning and shoe materials