In modern Russia, market relations determine the direction of capital investments in the oil and gas industry. Preference is given to capital investments in profitable and fast-paying construction projects.. Increasing the efficiency of capital investments with their relative reduction can be achieved with the full intensification of oil and gas construction, which creates fixed assets for the oil and gas industry. The criterion for improving the efficiency of construction production can be called a reduction in the estimated cost of construction projects, reducing production costs with the growth of national income. Differences in the domestic and foreign assessment of the efficiency of capital investments in the oil and gas complex are due to the peculiarities of the construction process in this industry. Therefore, the methodology of a clear distinction in certain areas of construction, considering the construction industry as a process that ensures the development of the oil and gas industry as a whole, will assess the effectiveness of capital investments in the construction of oil and gas facilities for the entire period of investment.
Keywords: organization of construction, oil and gas facilities, technological processes of construction, efficiency of capital investments
The oil and gas industry is life-supporting for almost all branches of the national economy and forms the basis of the country's economy, while forming the volume of construction production, depending on the amount of oil and gas produced and consumed. Construction in the oil and gas industry has a specific nature, and the arrangement of oil and gas fields differs from industrial construction by a number of features.The main features can be considered: significant volumes of construction and its duration, the scattered nature of oil and gas field facilities on a large territory of the country's regions, linking oil production facilities to oil and gas fields and settlements, and high energy costs for oil and gas fields. Generalized in this study, the organization of construction of oil and gas facilities are aimed at identifying opportunities to use rational and efficient methods of conducting work, increasing the pace of organization of construction of oil and gas facilities in extreme conditions and improving their technical and economic indicators.
Keywords: organization of construction, oil and gas facilities, climatic conditions of construction, technological processes of construction
The article formulates a number of measures to reduce the negative impact of construction technologies on the environment. Documents establishing "green" standards are considered. Some environmentally friendly technologies used in green building are studied. The experience of construction of eco-facilities in Russia and abroad is considered.
Keywords: green building, green standards, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness
The development of underground space in the design of buildings and complexes determines the direction of modern construction. Special attention is paid to the use of new technologies and the organization of production in the development of underground spaces of historically developed urban areas. Constrained conditions of construction in existing urban development represent construction site bounded by city buildings and structures with their subterranean communications with the adjacent road network and land facilities. In such a situation when doing work to minimize the effect of underground construction on the existing development and the geological environment is required when strict compliance with the building regulations. The method "wall in the ground" can be considered important and priority in the technical progress of construction of buried structures.
Keywords: use of underground space in construction, cramped conditions of construction, technology of construction of the underground part of buildings
The technology of the new generation is an injection method of polymer waterproofing. As for polymeric compositions for injection are used polyurethane compositions; materials based on epoxy tar; micro cement; acrylate gels. Acrylate gels can provide the necessary reliable, highly elastic barrier from water pressure. Reducing the cost of injection waterproofing is possible through the use of acrylate waste paintwork materials (PWM). The results of studies on the use of acrylate wastes (PWM) as a water-repellent additive to concrete, allow us to recommend identical wastes as materials for volumetric water-repellent treatment of building structures in order to reduce the cost of water resistance by injection.
Keywords: injectable waterproofing for buildings and constructions, waterproofing materials, paintwork materials, polymer wastes
The location of the buildings in the complex development of underground space in big cities of Russia can be attributed to the peculiarities of modern construction. Therefore, the reliability of the waterproofing of the whole circuit structures are the most relevant. Improving the technology and organization of construction contributes to the development of the main directions in the creation of progressive waterproofing materials. The definition of a number of principles for organizational and technological solutions of production of waterproofing works allows us to develop new methods of hydroprotection of underground structures.
Keywords: waterproofing of buildings, waterproofing materials, organizational-technological solutions in the production of hydroprotection
The article presents the results of the analysis of temperature fields in the construction of multilayer walls depending on the location of ultrathin liquid insulation. Carried out graphical analysis. Summarizes the experience of reconstruction and operation of buildings.
Keywords: thermophysical properties of materials; architectural-structural design; thermal conductivity coefficient; the calculation of the temperature fields
Increase in efficiency of researches on expansion of range of fractionation of fillers by use of small career sands of the region is promoted by use of mathematical approach when planning an experiment. The mathematical model of an experiment has allowed to establish functional interrelations between prescription parameters (W/C, a ratio of amount of sands when mixing) and output properties of concrete (density, durability at compression). Surfaces of a response of functions have allowed to estimate visually change of properties of concrete mixes on the fractioned sand in the explored area of factorial space.
Keywords: resource-saving, secondary raw materials of the region, sand fractionation, mathematical model, factorial space, functions of a response.
Economy of resources in case of production of combined steel concrete designs is the main task of a construction industry. The possibility of expansion of the range of fractionation of fillers by use of small career sands of the region is considered that will provide flexible regulation of grain composition of filler. Enrichment of construction sand by small fractions of filler causes more dense packaging of grains, cutting a cement consumption
Keywords: resource-saving, cement economy factors, secondary raw materials of the region, sand fractionation, optimization of composition of filler