The article reveals the problem of unreasonable overestimation of the durability of roofs made of polymer membranes, which was allowed during their mass introduction in our country in construction and repair and construction production. The article contains a description and illustrations of characteristic cracks that have arisen on a large area of ​​the membrane roof, which have brought it into an inoperative state. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the causes of the origin of these cracks, including the influence of the design features of membrane roofs, the aggressive effect of solar radiation and large hail on them. It is concluded that it is necessary to choose more UV-resistant polymer roofing membranes.

Keywords: construction, building, membrane roof, polymer membrane, durability, aggressive effects, hail, damage, cracks, inoperable condition

The article considers the application of criteria for assessing the quality of segmentation of digital images of sputum stained by the method of Ziehl–Neelsen to select the optimal parameter "Sigma" wavelet transform Mexican Hat. 830 digital images obtained by sputum smear microscopy were used as the study material. To assess the optimal selection of the parameter σ, we used the average number of objects selected in the images, the proportion of missed acid-resistant mycobacteria in the images, the homogeneity criterion and 3 complex criteria for assessing the quality of image segmentation. The analysis showed that with an increase in the parameter σ there is a slight decrease in the value of the homogeneity criterion. At the same time, the parameter σ increases from 2.4 and more according to the complex criteria, and the image segmentation quality improves. Thus, the most optimal values of the σ parameter of the Mexican Hat wavelet for segmentation of digital images of sputum stained by the cyl-Nielsen method are values in the range from 2.90 to 3.09.

Keywords: method Ziehl-Nielsen, image segmentation, quality evaluation criteria, wavelet transform, Mexican Hat

The durability of reinforced concrete and metal structures of the underground structure depends on the design decision of the pavement over the construction and waterproofing of the structure as the most vulnerable part of the structure. The article considers the results of the survey of the state of reinforced concrete and metal structures, slabs and waterproofing coating of the musical theater in Rostov - on - don.Non-compliance with technological requirements in the manufacture of waterproofing coating in the underground garage led to corrosion damage to metal structures

Keywords: durability, concrete and reinforced concrete structures, underground construction, waterproofing, inspection, corrosion damage

A comparison of different methods of segmentation of digital images of sputum stained by the method of Ziehl-Nielsen. We considered the following methods: threshold binarization, method binarization Otsu, detectors borders (operators Roberts, Sobel, Prewitt, Robinson and Kenny), detectors of Harris corners and FAST (Features from Accelerated Segment Test) algorithm, artificial neural network and wavelet transform Mexican Hat, as well as the search function of the contours of the OpenCV library. To analyze the quality of the image segmentation and time spent for carrying out segmentation. Concluded that the use of the wavelet transform Mexican Hat has the best quality segmentation with a relatively small time spent.

Keywords: the method of Ziehl-Nielsen, segmentation, digital imaging, detector angles, FAST, operator Kenny, the Sobel operator, Roberts operator, the operator Prewitt, operator Robinson, artificial neural networks, OpenCV

Abstract: field application of lignosulfonate as a chemical additive for use in gypsum compositions. The influence of lignosulfonate on the physical and mechanical properties of pigmented plaster. The work studied the effect of lignosulfonate on properties of gypsum as strength properties, water absorption, softening coefficient and the changing colors of the material. Established that the application of lignosulfonate to a considerable extent not only improves the physico-mechanical properties of the material, but also its operational durability of pigmented gypsum, which expands the scope of these materials.

Keywords: lignosulfonate, pigmented plaster, physico-mechanical properties, strength properties, water absorption, coefficient of softening, change of color, long service life

Abstract: Among the variety of modern mineral binders occupy a special place gypsum binder, which has many positive properties: efficiency of production in comparison with cement, quick hardening, architectural expressiveness of features with the use of pigments, abundance of raw materials and high technology. However, its application is limited by low resistance of the material. The paper presents a brief analysis of the main methods of improving the water resistance developed at the moment in construction: increasing the density of products, improvement of water resistance by impregnating the surface of various materials, the use of various chemical additives, a decrease in the solubility in water of calcium sulphate, the use of combined methods of improving the water resistance, the creation of composite

Keywords: Keywords: gypsum binders, improvement of water resistance, impregnation, chemical additives, composite materials.

Abstract: the main applications of pigments in the building and abroad. This paper studied the influence of pigments on the physico-mechanical properties of gypsum - strength properties, water absorption, softening coefficient and the capillary suction material. It is established that one of the important characteristics of gypsum composite is a capillary suction material, which determines to a considerable extent not only the physico-mechanical properties of the material, but also its operational durability.

Keywords: Key words: pigments, physico-mechanical properties, strength properties, water absorption, softening coefficient, capillary leak, long service life

Abstract. In the article it is proposed to use flexible surface heating elements Tami in various sectors of the economy: when you heat various materials and products, the heating of concrete in winter time, the heat treatment of the roof during its repair, and disinfection of the soil in greenhouses and greenhouses. Optimal and cost-effective modes of application of Tamou. Shows practical applications of the heating elements. The most effective use of the heating elements when they are combined with different methods or materials for a particular use.

Keywords: Key words Flexible surface heating elements, heated various materials, concrete heating, heat treatment of roofs, disinfection of the soil

Synthesis of the TiO2 nanoparticles was carried out by sol-gel method. The optimal conditions for stable TiO2 gel obtaining was determined. The resulting samples were studied by IR spectroscopy. Studies have shown the presence of chemically and physically bounded water in TiO2 powders, dried at 125 ° C. Studying of the influence of the pH on the acid-base properties of the surface of the resulting TiO2 powders was performed by indicator method.

Keywords: TiO2 nanoparticles, sol-gel method, acid-base properties, indicator method, infrared spectroscopy, pH of the medium

The article discusses the use of surface mats for thermoelectric heat treatment of concrete in the winter and complex additives. At the same destructive processes in the material does not occur and reduced thermal treatment.

Keywords: сoncrete thermoelectric mats complex chemical additives, heat treatment