One of the main problems currently facing the management personnel of the economic entity in modern Russia as a whole and in enterprises of rail transport industry in particular, is making management decisions to optimize its balance of payments, which laid the foundations of a more efficient policy management of accounts receivable and accounts payable business entity optimization of its general size and ensure timely collection of the debt. In this article discusses the rail transport industry as elements of the railway infrastructure for the livelihoods of the national economy. The system of accounts is receivable and accounts payable. Shown and specified path optimization statements in the transport industry in Russia. The place of the transport infrastructure in the microeconomics of the country is ranked Thus, the formation of a debt management company, Stu, the company's management to improve efficiency in debt management policy the following measures: • In determining the amount of the credit period is necessary to assess its impact on results of operations in the complex, as prolongation of receivables stimulates sales volume (ceteris paribus), but leads at the same time to increase the amount of funds invested in receivables and increase the duration of the entire financial and operating cycle. • It is necessary to distinguish between the restrictions on trade receivables forms of debt and type of implementation. Its size should be determined based on the level of acceptable risk, the planned volume of sales on credit terms, the average volume of transactions for the implementation of the financial condition of the company - the lender and other factors. • It is necessary to establish the amount of penalties, which must cover the full financial losses of the enterprise (loss of income, loss of inflation, compensation risk reduction solvency and others). The system of penalties for delay in performance of obligations of the buyer should formed during the development of credit conditions should include appropriate penalties, fines and penalties.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production