In the process of designing buildings and structures – capital construction objects, all the necessary surveys are carried out on the construction site, regulated by the current regulatory documents. An important role in choosing the type of foundations is played by the results of the performed engineering and geological surveys. The heterogeneity of engineering and geological strata, even within one specific site, can force designers to reflect in design decisions different ways of laying foundations for the same loads and number of floors of residential buildings, including standard series. Performing calculations in modern software systems perfectly solves design problems. Based on the results of the calculations, it is possible to optimally select the material and cross-section of the main load-bearing structures, taking into account the requirements of operational reliability and durability. However, during the construction process, there may be factors that are not taken into account during the design, which can have a negative impact on the load-bearing capacity and subsequent operation of the object. One of these factors may be a sudden deterioration in the physical and mechanical properties of the soil base, caused by both objective and subjective reasons. At the same time, the construction of the object is carried out above the zero cycle, the foundations and part of the floors have already been completed. The article provides examples of technical solutions to prevent the roll of a multi-storey building under construction, caused by an unplanned deterioration of the properties of the foundation soil, in the area of D. Ostrovtsy of the Ramenskoye city district of the Moscow Region. The results of the work are given and analyzed. The causes of negative processes are investigated. The results of the study can be useful in the design and subsequent construction of modern buildings in similar conditions.

Keywords: foundation, ground, foundation, sediment, roll, monitoring, construction

The expansion of urban space is carried out through the construction of modern multi-storey buildings located mainly on vacant sites along the perimeter of the existing urban area. It often happens that such sites were previously exposed to various man-made impacts. At the same time, man-made impacts can affect engineering and geological conditions, impairing the natural physical and mechanical properties of the bases. An example is the arrangement of various types of landfills, the movement of the soil and vegetation layer, and the artificial change in hydrogeological conditions. The construction of foundations on such soils is more complex than in normal conditions. The bearing capacity of the bases is reduced, and the geological strata are heterogeneous. The design of foundations requires the fulfilment of calculations, taking into account the above factors. The subsequent implementation of the project requires higher financial and time costs for the preparation of the bases and the construction of foundations, compared with the construction of similar buildings in conditions not previously affected by man-made effects. The article provides examples of the construction of foundations on an artificial basis, in the construction of modern multi-storey residential buildings on the territory of the former aeration fields in Lyubertsy. The results of the work are given and analyzed. The results of the study can be useful in the design and subsequent construction of modern buildings in similar conditions.

Keywords: Foundation, soil, Foundation, sediment, monitoring, construction

In the case of superstructure or reconstruction of buildings and structures in dense urban areas, there is often a need to strengthen the foundations of buildings in order to extend their service life. In addition, the need to perform strengthening of the foundations may be due to an increase in existing loads, which in turn can cause additional precipitation of the foundations, including uneven. To prevent the development of such sediments is carried out strengthening the foundations of a specially designed project. Often, in conditions of dense urban development, the choice of the method of strengthening the foundations is quite limited, due to the tightness of the conditions of work and the close location of the buildings of the surrounding buildings. The article shows examples of the underpinning on objects of reconstruction in the conditions of dense city building of Moscow. The results of the work are given and analyzed. The results of the study can be useful in the development and.

Keywords: Strengthening of the Foundation, additional sediment, surrounding buildings, activities, piles, drilling and injection piles

During the construction or reconstruction of buildings and structures in dense urban areas it is necessary to perform geotechnical monitoring of buildings surrounding buildings, in order to determine the compliance of the projected and actual values of precipitation and their relation to the permissible normative values. The accuracy and the cyclical nature of geophysical measurements should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SP 22.13330.2011 foundations of buildings and structures. The updated edition of SNiP 2.02.01-83* [2]. The need to perform geotechnical monitoring is also due to the timely detection of unacceptable additional sediment buildings surrounding buildings and prevent the development of defects and deformations caused by these precipitation. Due to the regular monitoring cycles, it is possible to predict the growth of additional sediments or stabilize them. In case of increase of additional precipitation of buildings of surrounding building up to maximum permissible values and availability of the forecast of its further increase it is necessary to carry out actions for their geotechnical protection. In case of stabilization of additional sediment of buildings of surrounding building, implementation of measures for geotechnical protection is not required, which in turn does not entail additional financial and time costs during construction. The article gives an example of geotechnical monitoring on the reconstruction object in conditions of dense urban development. The results of its implementation are given. The analysis of occurrence of additional sediment buildings surrounding buildings. The necessity of implementation of measures on geotechnical protection is defined. The economic efficiency of geotechnical monitoring on this object is given. The results of the study may be useful in carrying out geotechnical monitoring at other sites in dense urban areas, as show that the additional sediment of adjacent buildings may not always be caused only by the construction works. And in case of timely stabilization of additional sediments, it is possible to avoid additional financial and time costs, thanks, inter alia, to the results of geotechnical monitoring.

Keywords: geotechnical monitoring, additional sediment, geotechnical forecast, surrounding buildings, activities

The analysis of drum machines, percussion device compares various designs, describes the design and operation of the original drummer hydropneumatic equipment designed for use in hydraulic single-bucket excavator.

Keywords: hydropneumatic shock device gidropnevmoudarnik, working organ excavator pulse systems, hydraulic