The authors of this article considered some aspects related to the history, manufacture and operation of temporary public pneumatic structures in an urban environment. In recent years, pneumatic structures have been used quite often and successfully as multipurpose portable temporary structures for public use. They are an excellent alternative to traditional capital structures made of steel, concrete, bricks. The authors showed design differences and features of air-supported and air-inflatable buildings, described in detail the areas of their application, advantages and disadvantages. This article discusses the characteristics of the material used for coating pneumatic structures, modern innovative trends in the production of multilayer composite membranes. The authors of this article conclude about the possibility of expanding the use of pneumatic structures instead of traditional portable temporary public buildings.

Keywords: air support building, temporary structure, pneumatic structure, membrane, dome, inflatable structure, temporary structure, mobile structure, composite material, long-span structure, multi-purpose space

Ventilated facades are becoming quite common in Europe and around the world. This type of facade provides good thermal comfort in the room. This article describes the main trends of the development of modern facades. The authors look at the numerous advantages of ventilated facades and their varieties with a double chamber (also named multiple-skin façade) in front of traditional massive facades. There is a wide variety of concepts of facades that provide ample opportunities for the work of architects of various schools and directions. The article argues that the design strategies for ventilated facades should adapt to climatic conditions and take into account local features, such as average annual temperature and its extreme values, solar radiation, humidity levels, in order to minimize building loads and energy consumption. The use of double ventilated facades in the construction of new ones and the re-lining of previously constructed buildings with them contribute to the improvement of the ecological characteristics of the urban environment.

Keywords: ventilated facade, ventilated facade device, internal climate, sound insulation, thermal insulation, facade, facade profiles, double ventilated facade, energy efficiency