The organization of an enclosed space to ensure the basic processes of life (amateur professional activities, family communication, parenting, housekeeping, physiological and psychological recreation, maintaining health and hygiene) is traditionally an urgent task of architectural creativity. One of the possible solutions is the format of a low-rise (one or two floors) individual residential building, which includes several rooms (rooms) for residential and non-residential purposes, providing the necessary conditions for life processes. Low-rise individual residential buildings (with adjacent territories) are characterized by a number of advantages: a high level of living comfort, direct connection with the natural environment, the opportunity for full-fledged and versatile work and leisure, taking into account individual characteristics and preferences.

Keywords: individual residential building, composition, functional zoning, spatial relationships, living environment, efficiency, functional scheme, space, aesthetics, traditions, innovations

The article offers an environmentally friendly method to assemble pipes into section in order to build, to reconstruct or to fully repair pipelines both in urban communities and outside them eliminating load-carrying devices. The technique is realized with a specially designed assembly line (DAL) consisting of similar devices positioned along one line. The proposed assembly line is executed as multi-functional since the complete range of production processes can be performed with it, starting from unloading pipe sections to laying a ready section into a trench or onto an elevated pipe pier. The offered engineering solution can be used in all places. 3-D spatial models are presented in the article for illustrative purposes.

Keywords: environmentally friendly method, assembly works, pipeline, pipeline assembly, lifting equipment, engineering process

The article offers a solution which will enable to reduce dust pollution during earthworks in urban conditions. A special multi-functional mechanism is proposed enabling to perform several important preliminary processes simultaneously - improving an environmental situation on the site of earthworks. The ground surface damping during trench opening and soil unloading from a bucket into a disposal area will make it possible to reduce the fine dust pollution of the air surrounding a work location. The objective of the study is to develop a mechanism reducing the fine dust dispersal when performing trench and pit excavation. The novelty is that a mechanism of special construction has been proposed that can be mounted onto any machine in the construction line.

Keywords: earthworks, dispersal, technology process, trenching, single-bucket excavator, soil disposal area, trench, fine dust, air pollution, РМ 2,5, PМ 10

The article proposes a special device to transport earth when building an underground part by the «top-down» and «top and down» technique. The developed device is fully electrically powered. The proposed technology enables to completely exclude nonproductive movements of excavating and transportation devices to relocate the earth from the working site to the dumping site onto trucks above ground. The device is adapted to work as part of the production line when realizing the “top-down” and «top and down» technology. To exclude load lifting mechanisms for lifting and dumping of the earth onto the trucks above ground, it is proposed to use two lifting rails with hoisting equipment fixed on a metal frame.

Keywords: “top and down” technology, earth works, excavation works, subsurface part of a building, earth movement, tier of a subsurface part of a building

The article proposes a special device which enables to improve the preparative processes during the main pipeline break at any technique of general maintenance or trench breaking. The device has been made to fix characteristic points on the surface of the earth. The application will enable to exclude the use of stakes or pegs driven into the ground. The device allows to continuously mark the space without stopping the machine to apply a special mix. The use of the marking on portions of pipeline bends will enable to cut the volume of the ground extracted from the trench and therefore to reduce the length of stripping. The application of the device will allow to improve the preparative processes prior to stripping works. The use of the proposed device will give the opportunity of its application in all the climatic conditions nationwide.

Keywords: Akhmedov A. M.

The article proposes an innovative device to install main pipes sections into strings when building and maintaining the linear pipeline portion. The spacial process flowcharts are given to install main pipeline sections into strings and the general view of the proposed device. The application of the device will enable to reduce the number of the pipe-laying machines and to completely avoid the application of special devices and mechanisms when supporting sections and and adjusting their edges to perform welding and insulation works. The device can be used also for tying in of the 24 and 36 m strings into one branch. One can achieve a considerable simplification of the working operation for adjustment and matching the edges of the two extended pipe sections. The proposed device will improve the equipment for the repair and construction site in general and to enhance the quality of the active works.

Keywords: main pipeline, general maintenance, adjustment of pipe sections, building of the linear portions of main pipelines, repair and construction site.

The article proves the equilibrium stability of hinged-rod system made of elastic material in pretension state for the case, when characteristics of some special matrix is not negative and certain amount of zero numbers concludes it. The author estimates the possible number of compression and tie bars of the system. The article identifies the number of parameters, the change of which allows fulfilling sufficient conditions of existence of the system under research.

Keywords: equilibrium stability, hinged-rod system, elastic material, topological construction, instantaneous lockstep, bracings.