Discusses actual problems of determination of the resistance and protection of concrete structures – slabs, produced by standart adopted in the Russian Federation and the United States. Studied national and international experience of evaluation and quality control, measures to preserve the integrity and stability of structures to various types of exposure. The focus is on those conclusions that must be made from the analysis of the causes of destruction in order to avoid future repetition of mistakes and miscalculations that are allowed currently in the design and construction of engineering structures and which often lead to the occurrence of accidents.

Keywords: methods of quality control, concrete structures, failures of engineering structures

In the present work the mesoporous transparent silica monolith with surface area of 650 m2/g was obtained by sol-gel method. Introduction of gold salt into reaction mixture allowed to form micro- and nanoparticles of gold in monolith's volume by rising the temperature. The obtained composite was stabilized by activation in air at 600 °C. It is an useful model for investigation of optical and catalytical properties of noble metal particles.

Keywords: gold nanoparticles, sol-gel synthesis, porous glass

The article focuses on the description structuring of manufacturing process and technological process in the forest industry in the context of a unified system for forest harvesting and processing of tree biomass. An approach to the description of the processes in the timber industry complex is proposed. It is based on the concept of "technological network." Definitions of a term and related terms with him are proposed in the article.

Keywords: Terminology, timber industry, perforated technological process, technological network of timber production, manufacturing network

Effectiveness of wood firm depends up supporting of optimal balance of production and consumption of wood biomass. The problem solution demands optimization of order portfolio in the context of forest operators and woodmongers as a consistent system of the harvesting and processing of wood. The article shows the formulation of this problem in the light of logging contractors and woodworking enterprises.

Keywords: technological network, optimization of order portfolio, optimal bucking, perforated technological process, sustainable wood use

Analysis findings of possibility of establishing production of bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp in the Republic of Karelia can be found in the article. The advantages of production of bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp in comparison with paper pulp production are developed in the article. A brief analysis of Russian market of bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp can be found in the article. Statement of reasons of establishing production of bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp in the Republic of Karelia can be found in the article too. The establishing production of bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp could help to solve a problem of deciduous trees processing which is in Republic of Karelia.

Keywords: Bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp, paper pulp, cardboard, paper, pulp, processing, deciduous trees, quaking asp, birch

Scientific findings of developing of patentable products in the area of reforestation work are presented in the article. Functional and technological synthesis is used for developing of patentable products. A development matrix of apparatuses for hand planting of forestry crops is developed in virtue of generalizations of patent databases. A fragment of this matrix is described in the article. Route forward of apparatuses for hand planting of forestry crops are determined in terms of the matrix. The scientific findings are four patentable products which are described with the help of text of claims.

Keywords: Functional and technological analysis, reforestation work, manual equipment for planting of forest crops, seedlings, planting stock

New technology using timber feller-skidder is proposed in the article. A feller-skidder fells trees which oriented tops towards upper timber landing. Then the feller-skidder picks fell trees and cuts its tops. After that it skids them for tops to upper timber landing. The new technology allows to improve performance logging and to concentrate logging residues. Improvement of performance is because of capacity increase in volume of tree batch. A research did in terms of functional-technological method.

Keywords: Logging, logging waste, feller-skidder, tree felling, skidding

The article is devoted to the problem of improving the efficiency of removal of trees and shrubs (cutting and milling) in a continuous movement of forest machines. Brush cutters with active and passive working elements, as well as specialized machines are used for cutting and milling trees and shrubs. These machines have a disadvantage. It is a low reliability in operation. A general layout scheme of machines for removal of trees and shrubs is offered in the article which allows minimizing this problem. The machine has two working bodies: a basic and an additional. The basic working body is for cutting trees and shrubs. The additional working body is for milling stumps and roots and also for mixing pieces of wood with soil.

Keywords: Through workflow, timber industry, trees and shrubs, brush cutter, mower, machine for cutting trees and shrubs

There is an important task to improve timber complex. It is a search of efficient using wood. The research results of energy reserves capacity running on a regularized round timber production technological line for wood construction are given in the article. The research suggests that 40 – 45 percent wood resources using on regularized round timber production technological lines are waste. This capacity can use for manufacturing different energy products: firewood, chip fuel, fuel pellets, fuel briquette. The research made on the plant (limited liability company “Biogrant”) in Karelian Republic.

Keywords: Woodworking, cylindering, technological line, wood costraction, energy reserves, fuelwood, firewood, chip fuel, fuel pellets, briquette

A timber industry complex is a complex of technological processes linked with timber harvesting, wood transport and woodworking. For their optimization are used mathematical and economic methods. The brief overview of the application of mathematical modeling methods for the analysis and optimization of technological processes in the forestry sector is given in the article. Queuing theory is used for analysis of forestry process. For example harvesting technology with the round logs production for wooden construction is considered as G/G/1 queuing system. Well-developed models of queuing theory are recommended for analyzing of forestry process. Simulation models are recommended for deep analysis of forestry process.

Keywords: Forestry process, woodworking, cylindering, queuing theory, timber industry manufacture, wood construction

Production lines for manufacturing of cylindrical logs for wood construction are considered in the article. Technological factors influencing on efficiency of production lines are identified and classified. Results of research can be basis for improving production lines.

Keywords: Woodworking, cylindering, technological line, wood costraction, factors

The results of research of raw materials of the logs production for timber construction are considered in the article. Length of logs (for 6 meters assortment), diameter of logs (model logs) and shape of butt (an average shape factor of butt) were studied. The model log is a volume of cylinder which is equal to a calculated volume of logs. The theoretical laws of the random variable for these values are found. The Research was conducted at LLC "Biogran" in Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia.

Keywords: Woodworking, cylindering, technological line, wood costraction, factors, length of a log, diameter of a log, butt

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